![]() ![]() The Classical Style: Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven, New York: W. ^ Adolfo Betti, "Quartet: its origins and development", in Cobbett (1929).This quartet in C major, nicknamed "The Bird" is numbered variously as No. The rests get progressively longer, giving the impression that the piece is over many times in a row, after which the music ends abruptly with a repeat of half of the movement's opening phrase, leaving the work hanging in mid-air. After this, the first violin plays the A theme of the opening phrase with rests interrupting the music every two bars. This is followed by a sudden forte sixteenth note in the beginning of the adagio that shocks the audience. It begins with a grand pause that makes the audience wonder if the piece is over. The 'joke' referred to in the nickname is to be found at the conclusion of this movement. 141–147), should be considered A' due to the refrain material being condensed. After the new material, the final refrain (A) (mm. 107–140), but, again, does not modulate to a new key. The piece then progresses to new thematic material in the second episode (C) (mm. The second refrain is not only the arrival point of the tonic, but is also the final point of modulation for the remainder of the piece. 72–106), which is almost an exact repetition of the first refrain (aba) with the only change being the omission of the repeats. 36–71) beginning in A ♭ major, moves to F minor and finally resolves to E ♭ major at the beginning of the second refrain (A) (mm. 1–35) beginning in E ♭ major, repeats each section, (a) and (ba), forming (aababa). Chronologically, the first refrain (A) (mm. The rondo form of the final movement remains true to its definition by always returning to the tonic in the refrain. In a letter to Artaria, Haydn boasted about his pieces by saying, they are "a new and entirely special kind". It also portrayed some new features in Haydn's compositions, for example, the Rondo form, which satisfied audiences since the form was becoming enormously popular at this time. The fourth movement implemented a lighter character, originating from Haydn's first shift from the minuet to the scherzo. ![]()
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